Desenlaces maternos según el tipo de placenta previa en un hospital de alta complejidad en Cali, Colombia. Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo / Maternal outcomes according to the type of placenta previa in a high complexity hospital in Cali, Colombia. Retrospective cohort study

Objetivos: Describir la frecuencia de complicaciones maternas en mujeres gestantes con placenta previa (PP) mayor o menor y evaluar una posible asociación entre tipo de PP y la presencia de hemorragia materna severa y otros resultados maternos asociados. Materiales y métodos: Cohorte retrospectiva, descriptiva. Se incluyeron gestantes con 20 semanas o más de embarazo, con diagnóstico confirmado de placenta previa, quienes fueron atendidas en un hospital de alto nivel de complejidad localizado en Cali (Colombia), entre enero de 2011 y diciembre de 2020. Se excluyeron las gestantes con diagnóstico de placenta previa y acretismo placentario concomitante. Las variables recolectadas fueron: edad materna, índice de masa corporal, tabaquismo, obesidad, paridad, presencia de sangrado, hemorragia posparto, manejo de la hemorragia posparto, transfusión y admisión a UCI de la gestante. Se realizó análisis descriptivo. El protocolo fue aprobado por el comité de ética de la Fundación Valle de Lili. Resultados: 146 pacientes cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. La población estuvo constituida por mujeres con una mediana de edad de 32 años, sin antecedente quirúrgico, con diagnóstico prenatal de placenta previa a la semana 22. En el 70,5 % de los casos se trató de pacientes con placenta previa mayor. Las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron hemorragia posparto (37,9 % vs. 16,3 % para pacientes con placenta previa mayor y menor, respectivamente), requerimiento de transfusión (23,3 y 9,3 %, respectivamente) y el ingreso materno a la UCI (40,8 % vs. 18,6 %, respectivamente). No se registraron muertes maternas. Conclusiones: Las mujeres con placenta previa experimentan una frecuencia elevada de complicaciones; probablemente, dicha frecuencia es más alta cuando se documenta placenta previa mayor. Se requieren más estudios que comparen la frecuencia de complicaciones maternas según el tipo de placenta previa.

Objectives: To describe the frequency of maternal complications in pregnant women with major or minor placenta previa (PP), and to assess a potential association between PP type and the presence of severe maternal bleeding and other associated outcomes. Material and methods: Retrospective descriptive cohort. The study included pregnant women with 20 weeks of gestation or more and a confirmed diagnosis of placenta previa who were seen in a high complexity hospital in Cali (Colombia), between January 2011 and December 2020. Women with a diagnosis of placenta previa and concomitant placenta accreta were excluded. The collected variables were maternal age, body mass index, smoking, obesity, parity, presence of bleeding, postpartum hemorrhage, management of postpartum hemorrhage, transfusion, and maternal ICU admission. A descriptive analysis was performed. The protocol was approved by the ethics committee of Fundaciónn Valle de Lili. Results: A total of 146 patients met the inclusion criteria. The population consisted of women with a mean age of 32 years, with no history of prior surgery, with a prenatal diagnosis of placente previa at week 22; 70% were major placenta previa cases. The most frequent complications were postpartum hemorrhage (37.9 % vs. 16.3 % for patients with major and minor placenta previa, respectively), transfusion requirement (23.3 and 9.3 %, respectively), and maternal ICU admission (40.8 % vs. 18.6 %, respectively). There were no cases of maternal death. Conclusions: There is a high frequency of complications in women with placenta previa, and it is probably higher in cases of major placenta previa. Further studies are needed to compare the frequency of maternal complications according to the type of placenta previa.

Placenta prévia: um estudo baseado nas teorias de enfermagem / Placenta previa: a study based on nursing theories / Placenta previa: un estudio basado en las teorías de enfermería

Introdução: A gestação, apesar de ser um processo fisiológico na saúde da mulher, é uma etapa complexa que exige atenção diferenciada na assistência à saúde. Outrossim, existem algumas condições que provocam danos durante essa fase, como a placenta prévia. Objetivo: Este estudo tem como escopo evidenciar o processo de enfermagem frente à assistência à gestante com tal diagnóstico. Metodologia: A pesquisa tem caráter qualitativo, teórico com subsídio na bibliografia científica, envolvendo a compreensão holística e integral da paciente para a implementação de estratégia para o processo de enfermagem. A partir do estudo das teorias e da fisiopatologia e impactos clínicos, empregou-se as taxonomias do NANDA-I para traçar os diagnósticos de enfermagens mais condizentes. Resultados: Foram identificados 15 diagnósticos que contemplaram os dez domínios encontrados no NANDA. Considerações Finais: Os dados eleitos e o confronto com a literatura enfatizam a relevância positiva na prescrição de diagnósticos de enfermagem na escolha dos cuidados prestados e as teorias subsidiam a assistência materno-fetal.

Introduction: Pregnancy, despite being a physiological process in women's health, is a complex stage that requires special attention in health care. Also, there are some conditions that cause damage during this phase, such as placenta previa. Objective: The purpose of this study is to highlight the nursing process regarding care for pregnant women with such a diagnosis. Methodology: The research is qualitative, theoretical with support in the scientific bibliography, involving the patients holistic and integral understanding for the implementation of a strategy for the nursing process. Based on the study of theories and pathophysiology and clinical impacts, the NANDA-I taxonomies were used to outline the most consistent nursing diagnoses. Results: 15 diagnoses were identified that included the ten domains found in NANDA. Final Considerations: The chosen data and the confrontation with the literature emphasize the positive relevance in the prescription of nursing diagnoses in the choice of care provided and the theories subsidize maternal-fetal assistance.

Introducción: El embarazo, a pesar de ser un proceso fisiológico en la salud de la mujer, es una etapa compleja que requiere especial atención en el cuidado de la salud. Además, existen algunas condiciones que causan daños durante esta fase, como la placenta previa. Objetivo: El propósito de este estudio es resaltar el proceso de enfermería en relación con la atención a las gestantes con dicho diagnóstico. Metodología: La investigación es cualitativa, teórica con apoyo en la bibliografía científica, involucrando la comprensión holística e integral de las pacientes para la implementación de una estrategia para el proceso de enfermería. Con base en el estudio de teorías y fisiopatología e impactos clínicos, se utilizaron las taxonomías NANDA-I para delinear los diagnósticos de enfermería más consistentes. Resultados: Se identificaron 15 diagnósticos que incluían los diez dominios encontrados en la NANDA. Consideraciones finales: Los datos escogidos y la confrontación con la literatura enfatizan la relevancia positiva en la prescripción de los diagnósticos de enfermería en la elección de los cuidados prestados y las teorías subsidian la asistencia materno-fetal.

Expression of sirtuin 2 and 7 in placenta accreta spectrum

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the expression levels of sirtuin 2 and sirtuin 7 in the placenta accreta spectrum to reveal their role in its pathogenesis. METHODS: A total of 30 placenta accreta spectrum, 20 placenta previa, and 30 controls were experienced. The sirtuin 2 and sirtuin 7 expression levels in the placentas of these groups were determined by Western blot. sirtuin 2 and sirtuin 7 serum levels in the maternal and fetal cord blood were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: It was found that sirtuin 7 in placenta accreta spectrum was significantly lower in the placenta compared to the control and placenta previa groups (p<0.05). However, a significant difference was not observed between the sirtuin 2 and sirtuin 7 levels in the maternal and fetal cord serum samples of those three groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Sirtuin 7 may play an important role in the formation of placenta accreta spectrum. The effect of decreased expression of sirtuin 7 might be tissue-dependent in the placenta accreta spectrum and needs to be investigated further.

Significance of jellyfish sign in predicting adverse perinatal outcomes of complete placenta previa combined with placenta accreta spectrum disorders / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To explore the value of jellyfish sign, an abnormal ultrasonographic sign, in predicting adverse perinatal outcomes of women with complete placenta previa combined with placenta accreta spectrum disorders (PAS).Methods:This retrospective study analyzed the ultrasound images of 72 singleton gravidas, diagnosed with complete placenta previa combined with PAS, who underwent cesarean section at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between January 2020 and February 2023. Based on the presence and absence of the jellyfish sign in ultrasound images, these gravidas were divided into the jellyfish-sign group (15 cases, 20.8%) and the non-jellyfish-sign group (57 cases, 79.2%). The clinical data and perinatal outcomes of the two groups were analyzed. The adverse perinatal outcomes encompassed conditions such as abdominal aorta balloon block, uterine artery embolism, hysterectomy, postpartum hemorrhage, and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission of their neonates. Statistical analysis was performed using two independent samples t-test, the Mann-Whitney U test and the Chi-square (or Fisher's exact) test. Results:(1) The jellyfish-sign group exhibited a higher parity [(1.6±0.7) times vs (1.2±0.6) times, t=2.01] and higher prenatal scores of placenta accreta [(12.3±1.5) scores vs (8.6±2.9) scores, t=6.59] than those in the non-jellyfish-sign group (both P<0.05). Among the 57 cases in the non-jellyfish-sign group, there were 14 cases of placenta creta (24.6%), 40 cases of placenta increta (70.2%), and three cases of placenta percreta (5.3%). Among the 15 cases in the jellyfish-sign group, nine cases were diagnosed with placenta increta, six with placenta percreta, and none with placenta creta. The difference in distribution between the two groups was statistically significant (Fisher's exact test, P<0.001). (2) Intraoperative blood loss [(for those who accepted abdominal aorta balloon block, 1 973±1 057) ml vs (1 211±576) ml, t=2.55], red blood cells transfused [4.0 U (2.0-23.0 U) vs 2.5 U (0.0-11.0 U), Z=－2.53], postoperative hospitalization time [(9.7±2.4) vs (7.5±2.2) d, t=3.36], the incidence of abdominal aorta balloon block [15/15 vs 38.6% (22/57), χ2=17.92], uterine artery embolism [for those who accepted abdominal aorta balloon block, 3/15 vs 1.8% (1/57), Fisher's exact test], and requiring blood transfusion [15/15 vs 63.2% (36/57), Fisher's exact test] were higher in the jellyfish-sign group than those in the non-jellyfish-sign group. However, the non-jellyfish-sign group had lower gestational age at delivery [(33.6±1.5) weeks vs (35.2±1.8) weeks, t=－3.24], and lower neonatal Apgar score at 1 min and 5 min [1 min: 8 scores (3-10 scores) vs 9 scores (4-10 scores), Z=－2.46; 5 min: 9 scores (7-10 scores) vs 10 scores (6-10 scores), Z=－2.02] (all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in emergency surgery rate, 24 h postoperative blood loss, neonatal birth weight, and proportion of NICU admission between the two groups. Additionally, no cases of hysterectomy or death were observed in the two groups. Conclusions:Ultrasound examination revealing jellyfish signs in patients with complete placenta previa and PAS is associated with an increased likelihood of adverse perinatal outcomes. Consequently, the management of these patients should be given greater attention.

Effects of placenta previa on surgical and pregnancy outcomes in patients with total/subtotal or segmental hysterectomy attributed to placenta accreta spectrum disorders / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of placenta previa on the surgical and pregnancy outcomes in patients with total/subtotal or segmental hysterectomy attributed to placenta accreta spectrum disorders (PAS).Methods:This study retrospectively enrolled 510 patients who gave birth and underwent total/subtotal hysterectomy or segmental hysterectomy (local implantation site) due to PAS at the third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2022. These subjects were divided into the placenta previa group (427 cases) and non-placenta previa group (83 cases). According to the type of hysterectomy, they were further divided into the total/subtotal hysterectomy and placenta previa subgroup (221 cases), total/subtotal hysterectomy and non-placenta previa subgroup (23 cases), segmental hysterectomy and placenta previa subgroup (206 cases), and segmental hysterectomy and non-placenta previa subgroup (60 cases). Nonparametric test or Chi-square test were used to compare the differences in the clinical features, surgical and pregnancy outcomes between different groups. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the effects of placenta previa on the risk of additional surgical procedures and adverse maternal outcomes. Results:(1) Compared with the non-placenta previa group, the hemorrhage volume within 24 h postpartum [1 541 ml (1 036-2 368 ml) vs 1 111 ml (695-2 000 ml), Z=－3.91] and the proportion of women requiring additional surgical procedures [84.8% (362/427) vs 69.9% (58/83), χ2=10.61], with total/subtotal hysterectomy [51.8% (221/427) vs 27.7% (23/83), χ2=16.10], cystoscopy and/or ureteral stenting [60.7% (259/427) vs 31.3% (26/83), χ2=24.25], total adverse pregnancy outcomes [86.9% (371/427) vs 65.1% (54/83), χ2=17.75], hemorrhage volume>1 500 ml within 24 h postpartum [54.1% (231/427) vs 33.7% (28/83), χ2=29.94], transfusion of blood products [75.9% (324/427) vs 47.0% (39/83), χ2=28.27] were all higher in the placenta previa group (all P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis found that for PAS patients with hysterectomy, regardless of the hysterectomy type (total/subtotal/segmental), placenta previa was risk factor for requiring additional surgical procedures ( aOR=3.26, 95% CI: 1.85-5.72) and adverse pregnancy outcomes ( aOR=5.59, 95% CI: 2.01-6.42), even if adjusting for the confounding factors such as maternal age, number of previous cesarean sections, parity, gestational weight gain, twin pregnancy, and the use of assisted reproductive technology. (2) In patients with total/subtotal hysterectomy, the proportion of women requiring additional surgical procedures was higher in those with placenta previa [82.8% (183/221) vs 56.5% (13/23), χ2=9.11] than those without placenta previa, especially the proportion of cystoscopy and/or ureteral stenting [67.9% (150/221) vs 34.8% (8/23), χ2=9.99] (both P<0.05). However, no significant difference was found in adverse pregnancy outcomes [89.6% (198/221) vs 87.0% (20/23), χ2<0.01, P=0.972] between the two groups. In patients with segmental hysterectomy, higher proportions of women requiring additional surgery [86.9% (179/206) vs 75.0% (45/60), χ2=4.94], with adverse pregnancy outcomes [84.0% (173/206) vs 56.7% (34/60), χ2=25.31], cystoscopy and/or ureteral stenting [52.9% (109/206) vs 30.0% (18/60), χ2=9.78], vascular occlusion [94.2% (194/206) vs 71.7% (43/60), χ2=24.23], hemorrhage volume>1 500 ml within 24 h postpartum [46.6% (96/206) vs 23.3% (14/60), χ2=10.37], and transfusion of blood products [68.9% (142/206) vs 33.3% (20/60), χ2=24.73] were found in the placenta previa group (all P<0.05). Furthermore, patients with placenta previa had more hemorrhage volume within 24 h postpartum [1 368 ml (970-2 026 ml) vs 995 ml (654-1 352 ml), Z=－3.66, P<0.001] in the segmental hysterectomy subgroup. After adjusting for the confounding factors such as age, number of previous cesarean sections, parity, gestational weight gain, twin pregnancy, and the use of assisted reproductive technology, binary logistic regression analysis found that placenta previa did not increase the risk of additional surgical operations ( aOR=2.71, 95% CI: 0.99-7.42) and adverse pregnancy outcomes ( aOR=2.14, 95% CI: 0.54-8.42) in patients with total/subtotal hysterectomy but were risk factors of the two outcomes for those with segmental hysterectomy ( aOR=4.67, 95% CI: 2.15-10.10; aOR=3.80, 95% CI: 1.86-7.77). Conclusions:Placenta previa increases the risk of additional surgical procedures and adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with total/subtotal or segmental hysterectomy caused by PAS. Appropriate preparation is required after the clinical diagnosis of PAS with placenta previa.

Observation on the clinical outcomes of continued pregnancy following cesarean scar pregnancy in 55 women / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective:To observe the clinical outcomes of continued pregnancy in pregnant women with cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP).Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on the pregnancy outcomes of 55 pregnant women who were diagnosed with CSP at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University during the first trimester of pregnancy from August 1st, 2018 to October 31st, 2021 and strongly requested to continue the pregnancy.Results:Of the 55 pregnant women, 15 terminated the pregnancy in the first trimester, 1 underwent hysterotomy at 23 weeks of gestation due to cervical dilation, and 39 (71%, 39/55) continued pregnancy to the third trimester achieving live births via cesarean section. The gestational age of the 39 pregnant women delivered by cesarean section was 35 +6 weeks (range: 28 +5-39 +2 weeks), of whom 7 cases at 28 +5-33 +6 weeks, 20 cases at 34-36 +6 weeks, and 12 cases at 37-39 +2 weeks. The results of pathological examination were normal placenta in 3 cases (8%, 3/39), placenta creta in 4 cases (10%, 4/39), placenta increta in 9 cases (23%, 9/39) and placenta percreta in 23 cases (59%, 23/39). Among the 36 pregnant women who were pathologically confirmed as placenta accreta spectrum disorders (PAS) after surgery, the last prenatal ultrasonography showed placenta previa in 27 cases (75%, 27/36) and not observed placenta previa in 9 cases. The median intraoperative blood loss, autologous blood transfusion, and allogeneic suspended red blood cell infusion of 39 pregnant women during cesarean section were 1 000 ml (300-3 500 ml), 300 ml (0-2 000 ml) and 400 ml (0-2 400 ml), respectively. The uterine preservation rate was 100% (39/39), and only 1 case received cystostomy due to intracystic hemorrhage. The birth weight of the newborn was 2 580 g (1 350-3 800 g), and 1 case of mild asphyxia. Conclusions:Pregnant women with CSP who continue pregnancy under close monitoring after adequate ultrasound evaluation and doctor-patient communication could achieve better maternal and infant outcomes, but pregnant women with CSP are highly likely to continue pregnancy and develop into PAS. Effective hemostasis means and multidisciplinary team cooperation are needed in perinatal period for ensuring maternal and fetal safety.

Risk factor assessment and adverse outcome prediction of placenta accreta in pregnant women after cesarean section complicated with placenta previa: a national multicenter retrospective study / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective:To study the risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes for the diagnosis and treatment of pregnancy after cesarean section complicated with placenta previa.Methods:A national multicenter retrospective study was conducted to select a total of 747 pregnant women with the third trimester singleton pregnancy after cesarean section complicated with placenta previa from 12 tertiary hospitals in January 1st to December 31st, 2018. The risk factors of severe adverse outcomes [hysterectomy, intraoperative blood loss ≥1 000 ml, intraoperative diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum disorders (PAS)] in pregnant women with second pregnancy complicated with placenta previa after cesarean section were investigated by logistic regression analysis. The roles of prenatal ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the prediction of PAS and severe adverse outcomes were observed. According to whether vascular intervention was performed (uterine artery embolization or abdominal aortic balloon occlusion), the pregnant women were divided into the blocked group and the unblocked group, and the maternal and infant perinatal outcomes between the two groups were compared.Results:(1) General information: the hysterectomy rate of 747 pregnant women with second pregnancy complicated with placenta previa after cesarean section was 10.4% (78/747), the intraoperative blood loss ≥1 000 ml in 55.8% (417/747), and PAS was confirmed in 47.5% (355/747). The incidence of uterine rupture was 0.8% (6/747). (2) Analysis of risk factors for severe adverse outcomes: based on binary unconditioned logistic regression univariate and multivariate analysis, the risk factors for hysterectomy were the mode of vascular embolization and intraoperative blood loss. The probability of hysterectomy with uterine artery embolization was 5.319 times higher than that with abdominal aortic balloon occlusion (95% CI: 1.346-21.018). The risk factors of intraoperative blood loss ≥1 000 ml were the number of cesarean section delivery, ultrasonography indicated PAS and suspected PAS, intraoperative PAS and complete placenta previa. The risk factors for intraoperative PAS were uterine scar thickness, ultrasonography indicated PAS and suspected PAS, MRI indicated PAS and suspected PAS, and complete placenta previa. (3) The roles of ultrasonography and MRI in predicting PAS: the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography in predicting PAS were 47.5% and 88.4%; the kappa value was 0.279 ( P<0.001), with fair agreement. The sensitivity and specificity of MRI to predict PAS were 79.2% and 97.8%, respectively. The kappa value was 0.702 ( P<0.001), indicating a good agreement. The intraoperative blood loss and hysterectomy rate of pregnant women with PAS indicated by ultrasonography and MRI were significantly higher than those with PAS only by ultrasonography or MRI. (4) Influence of vascular occlusion on pregnancy outcome: there were no significant differences in intraoperative blood loss and incidence of intraoperative bleeding ≥1 000 ml between the blocked group and the unblocked group (all P>0.05). There was no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss between the pregnant women with abdominal aortic balloon occlusion, uterine artery embolization and those without occlusion ( P=0.409). The hysterectomy rate of pregnant women with uterine artery embolization was significantly higher than those with abdominal aortic balloon occlusion [39.3% (22/56) vs 10.0% (5/50), P=0.001]. Conclusions:In the third trimester of pregnancy with placenta previa after cesarean section, MRI examination has better consistency in predicting PAS than ultrasonography examination. Ultrasonography examination combined with MRI examination could effectively predict the hysterectomy rate and intraoperative blood loss. Vascular occlusion could not reduce the amount of intraoperative blood loss. The hysterectomy rate of pregnant women with uterine artery embolization is higher than those with abdominal aortic balloon occlusion.

Placenta previa: risk factors and impact on maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in Bogotá, Colombia / Placenta previa: factores de riesgo e impacto en la morbimortalidad materno-perinatal en Bogotá, Colombia

Abstract Introduction: Placenta previa can cause bleeding during the second half of pregnancy and may compromise the health of both the mother and the fetus. Knowing the associated risk factors allows for the early identification of pregnant women at high risk of placenta previa. Objective: To describe the risk factors for placenta previa in a sample of pregnant women treated in Bogotá D.C., Colombia, as well as their maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Materials and methods: Retrospective descriptive study. 17 pregnant women diagnosed with placenta previa and admitted to the High Obstetric Risk Unit of a tertiary care hospital between 2013 and 2017 were included. Medical records were reviewed to collect data on risk factors for placenta previa and clinical and sociodemo-graphic characteristics. In the descriptive analysis, means and standard deviations and absolute and relative frequencies were calculated for quantitative and qualitative variables, respectively. Results: The most frequent risk factors were >4 pregnancies (64.70%), maternal age >35 years (29.41%), and history of miscarriage (29.41%). Maternal morbidity was higher than fetal morbidity: three patients required transfusion of blood products, and another underwent a subtotal hysterectomy, while no perinatal complications were reported, with the exception of one stillbirth. Conclusions: A history of miscarriage, >4 pregnancies, and maternal age >35 years were the most frequent risk factors. Furthermore, the degree of maternal-perinatal complications did not depend on the type of placenta previa. Knowing which pregnant women are at higher risk of placenta previa as a result of the early identification of these risk factors allows for a better clinical approach, reducing morbidity and mortality rates in both the mother and the child.

Resumen Introducción. La placenta previa puede causar hemorragias en la segunda mitad del embarazo que pueden llegar a comprometer la salud materno-perinatal. Conocer los factores de riesgo asociados permite identificar tempranamente gestantes con alto riesgo de placenta previa. Objetivo. Describir los factores de riesgo de placenta previa en una muestra de gestantes atendidas en Bogotá D.C., Colombia, así como su impacto en la morbimortalidad materno -perinatal. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. Se incluyeron 17 gestantes diagnosticadas con placenta previa que ingresaron entre 2013 y 2017 a la Unidad de Alto Riesgo Obstétrico de un hospital de tercer nivel. Se revisaron las historias clínicas para recolectar datos sobre factores de riesgo y características clínicas y sociodemográficas. En el análisis descriptivo, para las variables cuantitativas se calcularon medias y desviaciones estándar y para las cualitativas, frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados. Los factores de riesgo más frecuentes fueron haber tenido >4 embarazos (64.70%), edad materna >35 años (29.41%) y aborto previo (29.41%). La morbilidad materna fue mayor que la fetal: 3 pacientes requirieron transfusión de hemoderivados y en otra fue necesario realizar histerectomía subtotal, mientras que no se reportaron complicaciones perinatales, a excepción de un mortinato. Conclusiones. Haber tenido >4 embarazos, tener una edad materna >35 años y el antecedente de aborto fueron los factores de riesgo más frecuentes; además, el grado de las complicaciones materno-perinatales fue independiente del tipo de placenta previa. Saber cuáles son las gestantes con mayor riesgo de presentar esta condición mediante la identificación temprana de estos factores permite brindarles un mejor abordaje clínico, lo que permitirá disminuir la morbimortalidad del binomio madre-hijo.

Ligadura de arterias hipogástricas previo al alumbramiento o a la histerectomía obstétrica modificada en inserción anómala de placenta / Ligation of hypogastric arteries prior to delivery or modified obstetric hysterectomy in anomalous insertion of the placenta

Resumen: OBJETIVO: Evaluar las ventajas de practicar o no la ligadura de arterias hipogástricas antes del alumbramiento o previo a la histerectomía modificada en el tratamiento quirúrgico de la inserción anómala de la placenta. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio de serie de casos, retrospectivo, transversal y comparativo efectuado en la Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Ginecoobstetricia 4 Luis Castelazo Ayala, de 2013 a 2019. Criterios de inclusión: pacientes con inserción anómala de placenta a quienes se practicó o no ligadura de arterias hipogástricas antes del alumbramiento o previo a la histerectomía modificada. Criterios de exclusión: pacientes que no finalizaron el embarazo en el hospital o la información en el expediente estaba incompleta. Parámetros de estudio: sangrado transoperatorio, transfusión sanguínea, morbilidad posoperatoria e ingreso a cuidados intensivos. Los desenlaces se analizaron con estadística descriptiva e inferencial. RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 285 pacientes; 57% (n = 164) con placenta previa, 27% (n = 78) marginal y 15% (n = 43) normoinserta. El espectro de placenta acreta se encontró en 34% (n = 91) de la muestra. En el grupo de placenta previa la aplicación de la técnica disminuyó el sangrado transoperatorio (p = 0.005) y la transfusión sanguínea (p = 0.05). En pacientes con espectro de placenta acreta hubo una reducción del sangrado transoperatorio (p < 0.01), menores transfusión sanguínea (p = 0.01), ingreso a cuidados intensivos (p < 0.001) y días de estancia en cuidados intensivos (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONES: La ligadura de arterias hipogástricas antes del alumbramiento o previo a la histerectomía modificada en el tratamiento quirúrgico de la inserción anómala de la placenta mostró un máximo beneficio en los grupos de placenta previa y espectro de placenta acreta.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the advantages of performing and not performing "Hypogastric artery ligation prior to delivery or modified hysterectomy" in the surgical management of anomalous placental insertion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective, cross-sectional, comparative, retrospective case series study conducted at the Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Ginecoobstetricia 4 Luis Castelazo Ayala, from 2013 to 2019. Inclusion criteria: patients with abnormal placental insertion who underwent hypogastric artery ligation before delivery or before modified obstetric hysterectomy, compared with those who did not have hypogastric artery ligation. Exclusion criteria: patients who did not terminate the pregnancy in the hospital or the information in the file was incomplete. Study parameters: transoperative bleeding, blood transfusion, postoperative morbidity and admission to intensive care. Outcomes were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS: 285 patients were evaluated; 57% (n = 164) with placenta previa, 27% (n = 78) marginal and 15% (n = 43) normoinsert. The placenta accreta spectrum was found in 34% (n = 91) of the sample. In the placenta previa group, the application of the technique decreased transoperative bleeding (p = 0.005) and blood transfusion (p = 0.05). In patients with placenta accreta spectrum there was a reduction of transoperative bleeding (p < 0.01), lower blood transfusion (p = 0.01), intensive care admission (p < 0.001) and days of intensive care stay (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Hypogastric artery ligation before delivery and before modified hysterectomy in the surgical treatment of anomalous placental insertion showed maximum benefit in the placenta previa and spectrum of placenta accreta groups.

Acretismo placentário e suas complicações / Placental accretism and its complications

Acretismo é um termo genérico que significa uma invasão trofoblástica anormal da placenta em parte ou, mais raramente, na totalidade do miométrio, podendo inclusive chegar à serosa. Esse evento ocorre mais comumente em uma região de cicatriz uterina prévia, onde há um defeito na decidualização. A principal consequência disso é a necessidade frequente de histerectomia puerperal, acarretando grande morbidade materna. Este artigo apresenta o caso de uma gestante com placenta percreta, com acometimento vesical e de colo uterino que necessitou de histerectomia total. Além disso, no pós-operatório, apresentou fístula vesicoabdominal. O objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar as complicações do acretismo placentário e as maneiras de tentar reduzi-lo. O aumento nas proporções de nascimentos via parto cesariana, sem que haja evidências claras de que isso interfira na queda da mortalidade e/ou morbidade materna e neonatal, sugere que estejam sendo indicadas muito mais cesarianas que o necessário. Para redução nas taxas de cesariana e, consequentemente, das complicações dela, como nos casos de acretismo, é necessário repensar a cultura do cuidado da prática clínica em obstetrícia.(AU)

Accretism is a generic term that means an abnormal trophoblastic invasion of the placenta in part or, more rarely, in the entire myometrium, which may even reach the serosa. This event most commonly occurs in a region of previous uterine scar, where there is a decidualization defect. The main consequence of this is the frequent need for puerperal hysterectomy, causing great maternal morbidity. This article presents the case of a pregnant woman with placenta percreta, with bladder and uterine cervix involvement, who required hysterectomy. In addition, postoperatively, presented a vesico-abdominal fistula. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the complications of placental accretism and ways to try it. The increase in the proportion of births via cesarean delivery, without clear evidences that this interferes with the decrease in maternal and neonatal mortality and/or morbidity, suggests that much more cesarean sections are being indicated than necessary. To reduce cesarean rates and consequently, its complications, as in cases of accretism, it is necessary to rethink the culture of care in clinical practice in obstetrics.(AU)

Magnetic resonance imaging and previous cesarean section in placenta accrete spectrum disorder: Predictor model

Abstract Objective To evaluate objective criteria of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Placenta Accreta Spectrum disorder (PAS) analyzing interobserver agreement and to derive a model including imaging and clinical variables to predict PAS. Methods A retrospective review including patients submitted to MRI with suspicious findings of PAS on ultrasound. Exclusion criteria were lack of pathology or surgical information and missing or poor-quality MRI. Two radiologists analyzed six MRI features, and significant clinical data were also recorded. PAS confirmed on pathology or during intraoperative findings were considered positive for the primary outcome. Variables were tested through logistic regression models. Results Final study included 96 patients with a mean age of 33 years and 73.0% of previous C-sections. All MRI features were significantly associated with PAS for both readers. After logistic regression fit, including MRI signs with a moderate or higher interobserver agreement, intraplacental T2 dark band was the most significant radiologic criteria, and ROC analysis resulted in an AUC = 0.782. After including the most relevant clinical data (previous C-section) to the model, the ROC analysis improved to an AUC = 0.893. Conclusion Simplified objective criteria on MRI, including intraplacental T2 dark band associated with clinical information of previous C-sections, had the highest accuracy and was used for a predictive model of PAS.

Clinical features and perinatal outcomes of twin pregnancies with complete placenta previa / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical features and perinatal outcomes of twin pregnancies with complete placenta previa (CPP).Methods:We conducted a retrospective study on 266 women with CPP, including 62 twin pregnancies (twins group) and 204 singleton pregnancies (singleton group), who gave birth in Peking University Third Hospital from January 2012 to December 2020. T-test, nonparametric test and Chi-square test were adopted for univariate analysis. Differences between the two groups regarding clinical features and perinatal outcomes were compared using multivariate logistic regression or multivariate linear regression. Results:The incidence of twin pregnancy with CPP was 2.11% (62/2 937). Placenta accreta spectrum disorders (PAS) accounted for 48.4% (30/62) and 53.9% (110/204) in the twin and singleton group, respectively, but the difference was not statistically significant ( χ 2=0.58, P>0.05). In terms of antepartum hemorrhage, the proportion of women affected, those with first onset <29 weeks, amount of bleeding ≥200 ml, and the number of episodes of bleeding ≥3 were significantly higher in the twin group than those in the singletons [56.5% (35/62) vs 39.7% (81/204); 35.5% (22/62) vs 12.7% (26/204); 17.7% (11/62) vs 4.9% (10/204); and 21.0% (13/62) vs 10.3% (21/204), χ 2=5.42, 16.62, 10.78, and 4.86, respectively, all P<0.05]. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the singleton group, the twin group was at higher risk of antepartum hemorrhage volume >200 ml, the number of antepartum hemorrhage episodes ≥3, preterm delivery before 34 weeks and 32 weeks, emergency cesarean section, and emergency cesarean section caused by antepartum hemorrhage [a OR(95% CI)=4.36(1.17-16.30), 3.15(1.01-9.79), 17.24(5.36-55.46), 9.85(2.32-41.77), 3.98(1.72-9.20), and 3.10(1.22-7.85), respectively, all P<0.05]. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the gestational week at the emergency cesarean section in the twins group was about 2.22 weeks (0.17-4.27 weeks) earlier than that in the singletons. The postpartum hemorrhage amount and the risk of postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section, infusion of red blood cells, and hysterectomy did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusions:Compared with singleton pregnancies, the proportion of preterm delivery, cesarean sections, especially those caused by antepartum hemorrhage, is significantly higher among twin pregnancies combined with CPP. Accordingly, preterm delivery should be actively prevented, and the timing of cesarean section should be individualized according to the condition of the mothers and babies, and early delivery may be considered.

The predictive value of the distance between the placenta and the internal os of the cervix in second trimester to placenta previa / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To explore the predictive value of the distance between the placenta and the internal os of the cervix (IOD) in second trimester to placenta previa.Methods:476 pregnant women with placenta previa diagnosed by systematic ultrasound in the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from May 2016 to June 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The ultrasonic parameters such as IOD, cervical length and placental main attachment position were measured, and the clinical characteristics and pregnancy outcome were recorded. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of placenta previa from mild pregnancy to late pregnancy. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of IOD value for placenta previa.Results:197 cases of placenta previa were diagnosed in this study. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the number of previous pregnancies, IOD and history of cesarean section were the related factors of placenta previa from mid pregnancy to late pregnancy ( P<0.05). The risk of placenta previa in pregnant women ≥3 pregnancies was 1.826 times that in pregnant women with less than 3 pregnancies. The risk of placenta previa when the lower edge of placenta covers and crosses the internal orifice of cervix (IOD<0 mm) was 11.494 times that of IOD=0 mm and 22.222 times that of IOD>0 mm<20 mm (low placenta). The risk of placenta previa in pregnant women with a history of cesarean section was 1.908 times that of pregnant women without a history of cesarean section. When the cutoff value of IDO was 20 mm, all pregnant women with placenta previa could be screened out in the group with cesarean section history and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.840 (95% CI: 0.783-0.896, P<0.05); When the cutoff value of IOD was 13.5 mm, all pregnant women with placenta previa could be screened in the group without cesarean section history, and the AUC was 0.814 (95% CI: 0.759-0.869, P<0.05). Conclusions:The second trimester IOD has a good predictive value for placenta previa.

Influence of placenta previa type on blood preparation / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To explore the corresponding strategies of blood preparation for placenta previa operation in our hospital according to the situation of blood transfusion during and after operation. 【Methods】 Ninety pregnant women with placenta previa (complete, partial or marginal) undergoing the caesarean operation and blood transfusion in our hospital from January 2011 to September 2020 were selected as the research objects. The corresponding data about intraoperative/postoperative blood loss, blood transfusion and blood preparation were collected, analyzed and compared. 【Results】 There was no significant differences in age between complete and marginal placenta previa(P>0.05), but significant differences in intraoperative/postoperative blood loss and the units of blood transfusion (P1 000 mL). The difference between ordering and transfusion units of complete and marginal placenta previa were 0.4 and 0, respectively. When the complete placenta previa was accompanied by placenta increta or placenta percreta, the blood loss was larger (>1 000 mL) and the units of blood transfusion ranged from 4.5 U to 6 U, while the blood loss was generally low (≤1 000 mL) and the units of blood transfusion was concentrated at 3 (2, 4) U without placenta accreta nor implantation.The difference between ordering and transfusion units of complete placenta previa with non-implantation, placenta accreta, placenta increta and placenta percreta were 0.165, 0.33, 0.5 and 1, respectively. 【Conclusion】 For marginal placenta previa, 3U blood is recommended for routine preparation, 3U blood for complete placenta previa with non-implantation or placenta accrete, and 4.5-6U for complete placenta previa with placenta increta or placenta percreta.

Clinical characteristics of vasa previa with low-lying placenta / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of vasa previa (VP) with low-lying placenta (LP).Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted on pregnant women with VP who delivered at Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from January 2015 to August 2021. According to the status of LP, these cases were classified into VP with LP (VP+LP) and VP without LP (VP-LP) group. The cases diagnosed with placenta previa (PP, n=128) during the same period were collected as control. Maternal-fetal clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared among the three groups using t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Chi-square test (or Fisher's exact test). Results:During the study period, 116 VP cases were diagnosed, accounting for 0.085% (116/136 450) of all deliveries. Apart from one case of intrauterine death caused by non-VP reasons in the third trimester, there were 64 in the VP+LP group and 51 in the VP-LP group. VP+LP cases accounted for about 2.9% (64/2 219) of all the cases with PP or LP. The proportions of multiparae and women with a history of cesarean section were significantly higher in the VP+LP group than in the VP-LP group [62.5% (40/64) vs 39.2% (20/51), χ 2= 6.17, P=0.013; 31.3% (20/64) vs 13.7% (7/51), χ 2= 4.85, P=0.028]. Besides, a rare type of VP (type Ⅲ) was only found in the VP+LP group (9.4%, 6/64). The median gestational age at first diagnosis by prenatal ultrasound was significantly larger in the VP+LP group than in the VP-LP group [28.3 (23.6-31.7) vs 23.9 (23.3-25.9) weeks, Z=2.61, P=0.007]. There was no significant difference in the incidence of antepartum hemorrhage between the two groups. In contrast, the amount of postpartum hemorrhage was significantly increased in the VP+LP group [550 (436-732) vs 420 (300-540) ml, Z=3.37, P=0.001]. Compared with the VP-LP group, the VP+LP group showed a lower incidence of lower neonatal Apgar score (<7 at 5 min) and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy [0.0%(0/64) vs 6.9%(4/58), 0.0%(0/64) vs 8.6% (5/58), Fisher's exact test, both P<0.05]. No neonatal death was reported in the VP+LP and VP-LP groups. No significant difference in the incidence of antepartum hemorrhage was found between the VP+LP group and the PP group. Still, the median time at delivery was earlier [36.0 (34.3-36.9) vs 37.0 (35.7-37.3) weeks, Z=3.79, P<0.001], and the incidence of abnormal fetal heart rate was higher [10.9% (7/64) vs 3.1% (4/128), Fisher's exact test , P=0.044] in the VP+LP group. Furthermore, the neonatal NICU admission rate and the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome were significantly higher in the VP+LP group than in the PP group [36.4% (24/66) vs 12.1% (16/132), χ 2= 16.04, P<0.001; 25.8% (17/66) vs 12.1% (16/132), χ 2= 5.89, P=0.015]. Conclusions:For VP+LP cases, there might be an additional type (type Ⅲ VP). Patients with VP+LP would have more blood loss within 24 h after delivery and a higher risk of adverse neonatal outcomes. Intensive attention should be paid to those diagnosed with LP during the third trimester to identify any VP.

Protocolo para el manejo de placenta percreta con cesárea, embolización uterina e histerectomía diferida / Protocol for the management of percrete placenta with cesarean, uterine embolization, and deferred hysterectomy

Introducción. El objetivo de este artículo fue dar a conocer el protocolo institucional del manejo de la placenta percreta como un procedimiento varias horas después de la cesárea, con embolización de arterias placentarias de forma selectivas, previo a la práctica de la histerectomía, y presentar los resultados. Métodos. Estudio de serie de casos, donde se evaluaron las pacientes con placenta percreta, manejadas durante un año en un hospital de cuarto nivel de complejidad en la ciudad de Bogotá, D.C., Colombia. Se efectuó cesárea fúndica y se dejó la placenta in situ, 48 a 72 horas después se realizó embolización ultra selectiva y luego de 2 a 3 días se procedió a practicar la histerectomía vía abdominal. Resultados. Se evaluaron 5 pacientes, con paridad de 3,8 embarazos promedio, con diagnóstico de placenta percreta. El tiempo promedio de espera entre la embolización y la histerectomía fue de 1,6 días. No se presentaron complicaciones asociadas a la embolización, ni morbimortalidad materno fetal. Los volúmenes de sangrado en promedio durante la histerectomía de cada paciente fueron de 1160 ml. Conclusión. Existen datos limitados sobre el tratamiento óptimo del acretismo placentario. La sospecha diagnóstica permite planificar de forma favorable el manejo intraparto y, es por ello, que el surgimiento de nuevas técnicas, como la embolización de arterias placentarias, constituyen alternativas para un manejo más seguro de las pacientes.

Introduction. The objective of this article was to present the institutional protocol for the management of percrete placenta as a procedure several hours after cesarean section, with selective embolization of placental arteries, prior to the practice of hysterectomy, and to present the results. Methods. Case series study, where patients with percrete placenta were evaluated, managed for 1 year in a hospital of fourth level of complexity in the city of Bogotá, Colombia. A fundic cesarean section was performed and the placenta was left in situ, 48 to 72 hours later an ultra-selective embolization was performed, followed by an abdominal hysterectomy after 2 to 3 days.Results. Five patients with a diagnosis of placenta percreta were evaluated; mean wait time between embolization and hysterectomy was 1.6 days. There were no complications associated with embolization, or maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality. Average bleeding volumes during hysterectomy for each patient were 1160 ml. Conclusion. There are limited data on the optimal treatment of percrete placenta. Diagnostic suspicion allows for a favorable planning of intrapartum management and, for this reason, the emergence of new techniques, such as placental artery embolization, constitute alternatives for a safer management of patients.

Reporte de caso: placenta percreta con previa embolización de vasos anómalos / Case Report: Placenta Percreta With Previous Embolization of Anomalous Vessels / Relato de caso: placenta percrete com embolização prévia de vasos anómalos

Resumen: el acretismo placentario es una de las complicaciones obstétricas más temidas. Se entiende como el proceso de inserción placentaria anormal, secundario a un procedimiento quirúrgico, lo que ocasiona un error de decidualización en el área cicatricial que lleva a la profundización anormal del trofoblasto. La frecuencia de esta patología ha ido en aumento debido al incremento en la tasa de cesáreas en los últimos años. El caso se presenta en el hospital Universitario Clínica San Rafael en Bogotá, se trata de una paciente de 36 años, gestación de 37,1 semanas, con antecedente de cesárea previa, en quien se evidenció percretismo placentario; luego del nacimiento, se dejó placenta in situ y así el servicio de cirugía endovascular realizó embolización de vasos anómalos, lo que disminuyó el sangrado en la histerectomía diferida. Se comprobó evolución favorable y seguimiento de la paciente hasta ser dada de alta de la institución sin complicaciones. Actualmente existen diversos abordajes terapéuticos, entre ellos la histerectomía posterior de la cesárea y el manejo médico hasta involución de la placenta e histerectomía diferida, todos encaminados a disminuir complicaciones asociadas, entre las cuales las más frecuentes son la hemorragia, los requerimientos de transfusión y los días de hospitalización e infección, con el fin de disminuir la morbimortalidad materna extrema.

Abstract: placental accretism is one of the most feared obstetric complications. It is understood as the process of abnormal placental insertion, secondary to a surgical procedure, which causes a decidualization error in the scar area leading to abnormal deepening of the trophoblast. The freguency of this pathology has been increasing due to the increase in the rate of cesarean sections in recent years. The case is presented in the hospital Universitario Clínica San Rafael in Bogotá, it is a 36-year-old patient, 37,1 weeks gestation, with a history of previous cesarean section, with an evident case of placenta percreta; after birth, placenta was left in place and thus the endovascular surgery service performed embolization of anomalous vessels, which reduced bleeding in the deferred hysterectomy. A favorable evolution was verified, and the patient was followed up until she was discharged from the institution without complications. Currently, there are several therapeutic approaches, including hysterectomy after cesarean section and medical management up to placental involution and delayed hysterectomy, all aimed at reducing associated complications, among which the most frequent are hemorrhage, transfusion requirements and days of hospitalization and infection, in order to reduce extreme maternal morbimortality.

Resumo: o acretismo placentário é urna das complicações obstétricas mais temidas. Entende-se como o processo de inserção placentária anormal, secundário a um procedimento cirúrgico, que causa um erro de decidualização na área cicatricial levando ao aprofundamento anormal do trofoblasto. A frequência dessa patologia vem aumentando devido ao aumento da taxa de cesarianas nos últimos anos. O caso é apresentado no Hospital Universitário Clínica San Rafael, em Bogotá, é uma paciente de 36 anos, 37,1 semanas de gestação, com história de cesariana anterior, na qual foi evidenciado percretismo placentário; após o nascimento, a placenta foi deixada in situ e, portanto, uma cirurgia endovascular foi feita para que fosse possível embolizar os vasos anómalos, o que diminuiu o sangramento na histerectomia tardia. Evolução favorável e acompanhamento da paciente até receber alta da instituição sem complicações. Atualmente, existem várias abordagens terapêuticas, incluindo histerectomia pós-cesariana e manejo médico até involução placentária e histerectomia tardia, todas com o objetivo de reduzir as complicações associadas, dentre as quais as mais comuns são sangramento, necessidade de transfusão e dias de internação e infecção, a fim de reduzir a mortalidade materna extrema.

Placenta Percreta And Its Successful Outcome: A Rare And Difficult Case Report And With Review Of Literature

Placenta Percreta is one of the most serious complications of placenta previa, the incidence of which has been on a rising trend and is frequently associated with severe obstetric hemorrhage usually necessitating hysterectomy. lacenta Previa complicates 0.3–0.5% of all pregnancies and is a major cause of third-trimester hemorrhage which is on the rise due to rise in incidence of cesarean sections. Significant maternal morbidity in form of increased incidence of fetal malpresentation, cesarean delivery, increased blood loss, and peripartum hysterectomy have been noted in cases of placenta previa and can lead to prolonged hospitalization in these women. Premature deliveries can occur which lead to higher admission to neonatal intensive care unit and stillbirths. (1).We present a case of placenta previapercreta in a case of previous cesarean section , managed excellently with a surgical expertise.

Is it possible to predict massive bleeding in nulliparous women with placenta previa?

Abstract Objective We evaluated risk factors to determine if there were specific risk factors that could predict massive bleeding in nulliparous women with placenta previa. Methods The participants were classified into two groups. Women with a calculated blood loss ≥ 1,000mL were included in the massive bleeding group. Women without any signs or symptoms related with hypovolemia or with a calculated bleeding volume < 1,000 mL were categorized into the non-massive bleeding group. Results There were 28 patients (40.6%) with massive bleeding and 41 cases (59.4%) with non-massive bleeding. The calculated blood loss and number of cases that required red cell transfusions were statistically different between the groups (< 0.005 and 0.002, respectively). There were no statistically significant differences in terms of maternal or fetal factors, placental location, or delivery characteristics between the two groups. Conclusion We could not determine the predictive features for massive hemorrhage based on clinical features, delivery features, or placental location.

Peripartum Hysterectomies over a Fifteen-year Period / Histerectomias periparto ao longo de um período de quinze anos

Abstract Objective To determine the indications and outcomes of peripartum hysterectomies performed at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (a university hospital in Southern Brazil) during the past 15 years, and to analyze the clinical characteristics of the women submitted to this procedure. Methods A cross-sectional study of 47 peripartum hysterectomies from 2005 to 2019. Results The peripartum hysterectomies performed in our hospital were indicated mainly due to placenta accreta or suspicion thereof (44.7% of the cases), puerperal hemorrhage without placenta accreta (27.7%), and infection (25.5%). Total hysterectomies accounted for 63.8% of the cases, andwefound no differencebetween total versus subtotal hysterectomies in the studied outcomes. Most hysterectomies were performed within 24 hours after delivery, and they were associated with placenta accreta, placenta previa, and older maternal age. Conclusion Most (66.0%) patients were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Those who did not need it were significantly older, and had more placenta accreta, placenta previa, or previous Cesarean delivery.

Resumo Objetivo Determinar as indicações e os desfechos das histerectomias periparto realizadas no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre nos últimos 15 anos, bem como analisar as características clínicas das mulheres submetidas a esse procedimento. Métodos Estudo transversal de 47 histerectomias periparto realizadas no período de 2005 a 2019. Resultados Em nosso hospital, as histerectomias periparto foram indicadas principalmente por acretismo placentário ou sua suspeita (44,7% dos casos), hemorragia puerperal sem acretismo placentário (27,7%), e infecção (25,5%). Histerectomias totais corresponderam a 63,8% dos casos, e não encontramos diferença entre histerectomia total e subtotal para os desfechos estudados. Amaioria das histerectomias foi realizada dentro de 24 horas após o parto, o que estava associado a acretismo placentário, placenta prévia, e idade materna mais avançada. Conclusão A maioria (66,0%) das mulheres necessitou de internação em unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI); aquelas que não necessitaram eram significativamente mais velhas, e tinham mais acretismo placentário, placenta prévia, ou cesárea prévia.